转换

　　转换，将一个单词由某一种词类转用为另一种词类，这就叫做转换。单词转换后的意义往往与未转换前的意义有密切的联系。

　　1、名词转化为动词

　　elbow 由“肘”转义为“用肘推挤”

　　back 由“背，后面”转义为“支持，后退”

　　2、形容词转化为动词

　　slow 由“慢”转义为“放慢”

　　3、动词转化为名词

　　to take a walk 散步

　　to have a look 看一看

　　to have a try  试一试

　　4、形容词转化为名词

　　the wounded 受伤的人们， the beautiful 美丽的东西，the blind 盲人们

　　5、其他词类转化为名词

　　a must 必须做的事情，ups and downs 高低起伏，ins and outs 问题的底细

　　典型例题

　　考试的重点是词汇之间的搭配，和近义词之间的区别。

　　1、Driving a car is not as difficult as you imagine，if you ________ the rules.

　　A. depend on B. turn to C. put up D. stick to

　　depend on 依靠、依赖

　　turn to 转向某人，turn to sb.向某人求助

　　put up with 容忍、忍受

　　stick to 遵守

　　答案 D

　　2、In my opinion，the changing job market will ______ people many difficulties.

　　A. find B. bring C. take D. get

　　find 找到

　　bring 带来

　　take 拿走

　　get 得到

　　答案 B

　　3、Since the two restaurants ________ almost the same food and service，it doesn‘t matter where you stop to eat.

　　A. offer B. cook C. prepare D. afford

　　offer 提供

　　cook 烹饪

　　prepare 准备

　　afford 付钱

　　答案 A

　　4、When he applied for a _______ in the office of the local newspaper，he was told to see the manager.

　　A. profession B. position C. career D. location

　　profession 职业

　　position 职位

　　career 职业

　　location 方位

　　She chose an academic career. 答案 B

　　5、Margaret was so ________ for news of her lost child that she was almost driven mad.

　　A. careful B. responsible C. thirsty D. hostile

　　careful 仔细的

　　responsible 负责的

　　thirsty 极度渴望的

　　hostile 敌意的

　　答案 C

　　6、It is not polite to ________ when someone is making a speech at a meeting like this.

　　A. turn up B. cut in C. speak out D. stand by

　　turn up 来到，露面

　　cut in 打断

　　speak out 大声说

　　stand by 站到……旁边

　　答案 B