2015年考研英语阅读理解考前专项训练（15）
发布时间：2012/10/30 22:36:29 来源：城市网学院 编辑：admin
A publisher of a national book of high student biographees has just released the results of a survey it did of its membership , those who appear in their book. The results, which appear to contain several findings of grave interest to the American public, are nevertheless suspect in their scientific validity. How often do we hear the word validity used in relationship to statistics which are proffered on the evening news or in the newspapers? Most people are left believing that all stats are to be taken seriously and that they imply, by the fact that they are in the media, some assurance of being well grounded and useful. The facts, in my opinion, do not warrant such trust, nor do the researchers warrant plaudits for their work in this instance.
A questionnaire which was designed to tap into teens' beliefs on everything from sex to suicide was mailed to just over 8,000 students across the nation. Just over 3,000 returned their questionnaires and from this sample the publisher made its findings public.
The number of teens who actually thought about suicide was found to be slightly more than 800 and the number who tried to kill themselves was around 130. Of course, these figures had to be calculated because percentages were given in the original press release and discussed by the spokesperson on national TV. When questioned about the responsibility of the researchers in terms of the students who thought about killing themselves and those who had actually tried, the spokesperson took a turn and answeredanother question; they intended to do something about the high percent of students who reported rape or forced sexual contact.
But where does this leave not only the kids who sent in the questionnaire and admitted to suicidal thoughts or actions, but all those kids who didn't reply, but who had the same feelings or experiences? Where is the responsibility not only of the research #pany, but of the publishers and the schools where those students are in classes? What percent of the almost 5,000 kids who didn't respond had tried to kill themselves or had thought about it? The study naively offers a glimpse into the seriousness of teen suicide while ignoring its own inadequacy in truly providing information. In this case, it's not only the kids who responded, but, more important, the kids who didn't because those kids feel there's no sense to reach out and tell someone of their pain. I suspect those kids are truly in danger and how is the study identifying them? For that matter, how is the study identifying the teens who admitted to trying to kill themselves? [443 words]
1. The results of a survey ______
A. must be scientific
B. are usually reliable
C. may not be valid enough
D. tend to lack great value
2. The statistics released in the media ______
A. are never taken seriously
B. are usually taken very seriously
C. are all very well grounded
D. are beyond any suspect
3. According to this passage, ______
A. rape or forced sexual contact is of more interest to American public than suicide
B. there are more teens thinking about suicide than those trying to kill themselves C. teens are more interested in sex than suicide
D. more than 25 percent of teens intend to #mit suicide
4. The seriousness of teen suicide ______
A. has been fully realized
B. tends to be ignored
C. hasn't been over-emphasized
D. isn't the first concern of the author
5. The main idea of this passage is that ______
A. we should be suspicious of the statistics in the media
B. we should pay more attention to the responsibility of researchers than the statistics,
C. we should try to help all those kids who admitted to suicidal thoughts or actions
D. we should take the high percent of students who reported rape more seriously [NextPage] 难句透析
①How often do we hear the word validity[used in relationship to statistics（which are proffered on the evening news or in the newspapers）]?
【结构】方括号所标示的过去分词短语用做“the word validity”的后置定语。圆括号所标示的部分是“statistics”的定语从句。
【释义】我们昕到过几次用有效度这个词去评说晚间新闻和报纸所提供的统计数字呢？
②Most people are left believin9“[that all stats are to be taken seriously]and”[that they imply，by the fact（that they are in the media），some assurance of being well grounded and useful].
【结构】两个方括号所标示的部分是现在分词“believin9”的两个并列的宾语从句。第二个宾语从句中的主语“they”指“all stats”。圆括号所标示的部分是“the fact”的同位语从句，其中的主语“they”也指“all stats”。
【释义】大多数人仍相信，所有这些统计数字都应认真对待，而且仍相信，既然这些统计数字都是媒体公布的，就有一定把握认为这些统计数字有根有据、有价值。
③When questioned about the responsibility of the researchers in terms of the students“[who thought about killing themselves]and those”[who had actually tried].the spokesperson took a turn and answered another question； they intended to do something about the high percent of students[who reported rape or forced sexual contact].
【结构】本句中的“When questioned about the responsibility…”相当于“When the spokesperson was questioned about the responsibility…”。三个方括号所标示的部分都是定语从句，分别修饰各自之前的“the students”，“those”和“students”。
【释义】 当有人问到，就那些曾经有过自杀念头以及那些真曾试图自杀的学生而言，研究人员能做些什么时，电视节目主持人话头一转，回答了另一个问题；有相当高比例的学生曾经报告被强奸或被性骚扰，研究人员打算就此做些工作。④But where does this leave not only the kids[who sent in the questionnaire and admitted to suicidal thoughts or actions]，but all those kids[who didn't reply]，but[who had the same feelings or experiences]?
【结构】本句中，“not only…but…”连接两个并列的宾语成分“the kids”和“all those kids”。第一个方括号所标示的部分是“the kids”的定语从句。第二个和第三个方括号所标示的部分是“all those kids”的两个用“but”连接的并列的定语从句。
【释义】但是，这样一来，把那些交回问卷承认有过自杀念头或者自杀行为的孩子置之何处了呢，又把那些没有回复，却有过同种感觉和经历的孩子都置之何处了呢？
超纲词汇
plaudit n.喝彩
proffer v.／n.提供
参考答案：1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A [NextPage] 全文翻译
一家在全国范围内出版高中生传记的出版社最近发布了一份对其会员进行调研的结果，也就是对书中出现的学生们的调查。这份结果虽然报出了几处很令美国公众在意的不好的消息，但它在科学上的有效性却值得质疑。我们听到过几次用有效度这个词去评说晚间新闻和报纸所提供的统计数字呢？大多数人仍相信，所有这些统计数字都应认真对待，而且仍相信，既然这些统计数字都是媒体公布的，就有一定把握认为这些统计数字有根有据、有价值。在我看来，事实说明这些数据并不值得民众的信任，并且就此事来看，研究者们也无法为自己的工作喝彩。
此次调研所用的问卷专门调查青少年对从性到自杀等各方面问题的想法，在全国范围内共寄送出8000份。大约只有3000多人回馈了问卷，而该出版社的结论也就是从这些样本中做出并公之于世的。
在回馈问卷的年轻人当中，约有800多人确实考虑过自杀，而真正尝试过自杀的人数在130人左右。当然，这些数据最后都被折合成百分比，因为最早发布的结果和在全国性电视节目中讨论此问题时使用的都是百分比。当有人问到，就那些曾经有过自杀念头以及那些真曾试图自杀的学生而言，研究人员能做些什么时，电视节目主持人话头一转，回答了另一个问题；有相当高比例的学生曾经报告被强奸或被性骚扰，研究人员打算就此做些工作。 但是，这样一来，把那些交回问卷承认有过自杀念头或者自杀行为的孩子置之何处了呢，又把那些没有回复，却有过同种感觉和经历的孩子都置之何处了呢？那么这家研究公司能为此做些什么，出版社以及这些孩子们正在就读的学校又应当做些什么？那将近5000个没有回复的孩子中尝试过自杀或者想要自杀的人的比例又如何？这项研究幼稚地扫视了目前年轻人自杀倾向的严重性但却忽略了自身在真实提供信息方面的不足。在这样的情况下，不仅仅是回复了问卷的孩子，更为重要的还是那些没有回复的孩子，因为他们觉得没有理由把自己的痛苦告诉别人。我怀疑这些孩子才是真正处于危险之中，而这份调研又将他们置之何处呢？就从这一点上讲，这份调研又是怎样把承认曾试图自杀的孩子都归为一类的呢？
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