Nobody ever went into academia to make a fast buck. Professors, especially those in medical- and technology-related fields, typically earn a fraction of what their colleagues in industry do. But suddenly, big money is starting to flow into the ivory tower, as university administrators wake up to the commercial potential of academic research. And the institutions are wrestling with a whole new set of issues.

　　The profits are impressive: the Association of University Technology Managers surveyed 132 universities and found that they earned a combined $576 million from patent royalties in 1998, a number that promises to keep rising dramatically (chart). Schools like Columbia University in New York have aggressively marketed their inventions to corporations, particularly pharmaceutical and high-tech companies.

　　Now Columbia is going retail--on the Web. It plans to go beyond the typical "dot.edu" model, free sites listing courses and professors' research interests. Instead, it will offer the expertise of its faculty on a new for-profit site which will be spun off as an independent company. The site will provide free access to educational and research content, say administrators, as well as advanced features that are already available to Columbia students, such as a simulation of the construction and architecture of a French cathedral and interactive 3-D models of organic chemicals. Free pages will feed into profit-generating areas, such as online courses and seminars, and related books and tapes. Columbia executive vice provost Michael Crow imagines "millions of visitors" to the new site, including retirees and students willing to pay to tap into this educational resource. "We can offer the best of what's thought and written and researched," says Ann Kirschner, who heads the project. Columbia also is anxious not be aced out by some of the other for- profit "knowledge sites," such as About.com and Hungry Minds. "If they capture this space," says Crow, "they'll begin to cherry-pick our best faculty."

　　Profits from the sale of patents typically have been divided between the researcher, the department and the university, and Web profits would work the same way, so many faculty members are delighted. But others find the trend worrisome: is a professor who stands to profit from his or her research as credible as one who doesn't Will universities provide more support to researchers working in profitable fields than to scholars toiling in more musty areas

　　"If there's the perception that we might be making money from our efforts, the authority of the university could be diminished," worries Herve Varenne, a cultural anthropology professor at Columbia's education school. Says Kirschner: "We would never compromise the integrity of the university." Whether the new site can add to the growing profits from patents remains to be seen, but one thing is clear. It's going to take the best minds on campus to find a new balance between profit and purity.

　　1.In the past, if you want to make fast money, you should work in__________.
　　[A] academia
　　[B] ivory tower
　　[C] company
　　[D] medical field

　　2.The word “aggressively”（Line4,paragraph 2）most probably means___________.
　　[A] harmfully
　　[B] carelessly
　　[C] desperately
　　[D] boldly

　　3.According to the text, the traditional feature of the Web of Columbia is__________.
　　[A] offering free access to the advanced features that are available to Columbia’s students
　　[B] free page will feed into profit-producing page
　　[C] providing the expertise of the teachers on the profit site
　　[D] offering free sites listing courses and professors’ research interests

　　4.Besides the delight of most people for the profit, some__________.
　　[A] worry that the professors are not reliable
　　[B] think this tendency may be terrible
　　[C] hope the university to give more support to researchers who work for profit
　　[D] show mercy to the scholars toiling in the musty area

　　5.The author uses the words of the professor Herve Varenne and Kirschner to show______.
　　[A] if the faculties all try to make money the university will have no authority
　　[B] the new site may not add to the growing profits
　　[C] there exist some problems behind the profit
　　[D] new balance between profit and purity will be the best opinion

　　篇章剖析

　　本篇主要介绍了大学利用知识获取经济利益的情况，并说明了这种做法的利弊。第一段介绍大学开始意识到学术研究的商业潜力，金钱开始流入校园；第二段用数据表明大学的收入是相当可观的；第三段介绍哥伦比亚大学通过互联网赢利的做法；第四段说明大学赢利的利弊。最后一段大学正在寻找经济利益与学术诚信的平衡。

　　词汇注释

　　grapple [5^rAp(E)l] vt. 抓牢，抓紧,与…扭打，与…格斗

　　academia [7AkE5di:mjE] n. 学术界, 学术环境

　　potential [pE5tenF(E)l] n.潜能, 潜力

　　wrestle [5resl] vi. 摔跤, 格斗, 斗争, 斟酌

　　royalty [5rCiElti] n.[常用复]王权; 王国; 王的领土, 特许权使用费, 专利权使用费; 专利权税

　　aggressive [E5^resiv] adj.好斗的, 敢作敢为的, 有闯劲的, 侵略性的

　　pharmaceutical [7fB:mE5sju:tikEl] adj.制药(学)上的

　　simulation [7simju5leiFEn] n.仿真, 假装, 模拟

　　interactive [7intEr5Aktiv] adj.交互式的

　　provost [prE5vEu] n. 教务长

　　faculty [5fAkElti] n. 全体教员, (大学的)系, 科, (授予的)权力

　　credible [5kredEbl, -ibl] adj.可信的, 可靠的

　　toil [tCil] vi.苦干, 跋涉, 费力地做

　　musty [5mQsti] adj. 发霉的,老朽的; 陈腐的

　　diminish [di5miniF] v.(使)减少, (使)变小

　　integrity [in5te^riti] n.正直, 诚实, 完整, 完全, 完整性

　　expertise [eksp\:5ti:z] n.专门技能；专门知识

　　难句突破

　　1.The Association of University Technology Managers surveyed 132 universities and found that they earned a combined $576 million from patent royalties in 1998, a number that promises to keep rising dramatically (chart)

　　主体句式：The Association…surveyed 132 universities and found that…

　　结构分析：这是个复杂句，主语是“Association of University Technology Managers”；两个并列谓语surveyed和 found；“found”后面是宾语从句“they earned a combined $576 million from patent royalties in 1998”；“a number”又是“$576 million”的同位语，“that promises to keep rising dramatically (chart)”又是“a number”的定语从句。

　　句子译文：大学科技经理人协会对132所大学进行调查，结果表明在1998年他们从专利税中总共盈利5亿7千600万美元，这个数字有望保持急速增长的势头。

　　2.Will universities provide more support to researchers working in profitable fields than to scholars toiling in more musty areas

　　主体句式：Will universities provide more support to researchers … than to scholars …

　　结构分析：这是个简单句。包含了比较级的结构，working in profitable fields是分词，做定语，修饰researchers；toiling in more musty areas也是现在分词做定语，修饰scholars。

　　句子译文：大学会为从事可赢利领域的研究者提供比从事冷门研究者更多支持吗？

　　题目分析

　　1. 答案是C，属推理判断题。文中第一段提到，过去人们要挣大钱就不会去学术界，因为他们的收入只是在企业工作的同行的一小部分。所以要赚钱去公司。

　　2. 答案是D，属猜词题。 文中第二段讲到，现在学校的收入很可观，而且具有很强的增长势头。一些学校已大胆地把发明卖给了公司。因为这种做法还没有成为一种潮流。

　　3. 答案是D，属事实细节题。文章第三段讲到，哥伦比亚大学正在通过互联网进行零售。它计划超越典型的网站免费列出课程和教授们研究兴趣的“.edu”模式, 这说明传统的特征是D选项。其它都是网站的新计划。

　　4. 答案是B，属事实细节题。文章第四段提到，很多人对这种利润很满意，另外一些人则对这种趋势深感忧虑。他们担忧的是，一位从自己研究中获利的教授和不从研究中获益的教授是否同样可信呢？大学会为从事可赢利领域的研究者提供比从事冷门研究者更多支持吗？所以B选项正确。其它都是对忧虑的错误理解。

　　5. 答案是C，属推理判断题。文中第五段提到两个人的话是，“如果存在我们可以通过努力挣钱这种观念，大学的权威可能会降低,”和“我们在大学的廉正方面永远不会妥协”。引用这两个人的话是为了表明大学在为赚到钱而兴奋的同时，背后也存在着问题—威信和清廉。

　　参考译文

　　从未有人为快速致富进入学术界，教授们，特别是那些在医学和技术相关领域的工作的教授，他们只能挣到在企业工作的同事收入的一小部分。但是，大量金钱现在开始流入大学这座象牙塔，因为大学管理者开始意识到学术研究的商业潜力。研究机构正在全力解决一系列的新问题。

　　利润是相当可观的：大学科技经理人协会对132所大学进行调查，结果表明在1998年他们从专利税中总共挣了5亿7千600万美元，这个数字有望保持快速增长。一些大学，如纽约哥伦比亚大学已经积极地向公司，特别是那些生产药品和高科技公司，销售他们的发明，。

　　现在哥伦比亚大学正在通过互联网进行零售。它计划超越典型的网站免费列出课程和教授们研究兴趣的“.edu”模式。取而代之的是，大学将在赢利网站上提供学校教员的专业技能，这种网站就像一个独立的公司。管理者说，网站允许免费访问教育和研究内容，以及已经为哥伦比亚大学学生所利用的一些先进的功能，诸如建筑物模型、法国教堂的建筑结构和有机化学变化的交互式3D模型。免费网页插入收费网页中，比如在线课题、研讨会和相关书籍、磁带。哥伦比亚大学执行副教务长米切尔·克罗预计会有数百万人访问这个新网站，包括退休人员和学生会为访问教育资源付费。主持这项计划的安·克斯科娜说，“我们能提供给人们思考、写作和研究的最好内容”。哥伦比亚大学也担心不要被其他一些赢利的“知识网站”如About.com和Hungry Minds打败。克罗说：“如果他们抓住空子，他们会抢走我们最好的教职人员”。

　　出售专利所得利润通常是分给研究人员、系和大学，网站利润也同样分配。这样一来，许多大学教员都很满意，但是，另外一些人则对这种趋势深感忧虑：一位从自己研究中获利的教授和不从研究中获得的教授是否同样可信呢？大学会为从事可赢利领域的研究者提供比从事冷门研究者更多支持吗？

　　“如果存在我们可以通过努力挣钱这种观念，大学的权威可能会降低,”哥伦比亚教育学院的一位文化人类学教授担心说。克斯克娜说：“我们在大学的清廉方面从未妥协”。这种新网站能否增加正在增长的专利收入还有待观察，但是有一个事实是显而易见的，它将利用大学里最聪明的头脑去寻求利益与清廉之间新的平衡。